Data from: The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) US Department of Agriculture; National Agricultural Library
Version: View help for Version V1
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Project Citation:
US Department of Agriculture, and National Agricultural Library. Data from: The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2026-06-27. https://doi.org/10.3886/E250458V1
Project Description
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Data from: The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl
Summary:
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Data are the individual group values for oral and cloacal virus shedding and antibody titers for reach treatment group from: Mo et al., The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl. Vet Mic 260:109180, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109180
Methods: Six H2N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses from US LBMs were selected based on recency and to represent the different genotypes present in the live birds markets during the time period (i.e., the presence or absence of a NA stalk deletion): A/duck/PA/14-030488-5/2014 (Dk/PA/14), A/chicken/NY/16-032621-2/2016 (Ck/NY/16), A/chicken/CT/17-008911-4/2017 (Ck/CT/17), A/chicken/NY/18-002471-4/2018 (CK/NY/02471/18), A/chicken/NY/18-042097-3/2018 (Ck/NY/042097/18) and A/chicken/NY/19-012787-1/2019 (Ck/NY/19). Isolates were evaluated in White Leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus), guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) and Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). Chickens and guinea fowl were challenged at 4 weeks of age and Pekin ducks were challenged at 2 weeks of age with 6log10 of virus by the intra-choanal route. “Contact” birds, which were hatch-mates of the inoculated birds, were co-housed with the inoculated birds 24hrs post inoculation to evaluate transmission. Viral loads in OP and CL swabs collected at 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days post inoculation were determined by quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RNA was extracted from swabs using the MagMAX96 Viral RNA Isolation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) and the KingFisher Flex Magnetic Particle Processing System (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with an additional wash step to remove inhibitors (Das et al., 2009). The qRT‐PCR for AIV detection was conducted based on the standard USDA M gene AIV qRT‐PCR procedure (Spackman et al., 2002) using an Applied Biosystems® 7500 Fast Real‐Time PCR system (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Cycle threshold (Ct) values were determined by the 7500 Fast Software v2.3. For relative quantification, Ct values were converted to titer equivalents based on the standard curve method (Larionov et al., 2005). Values were established from ten-fold dilutions of the same titrated stock of the virus used to challenge the birds. The limit of detection was determined to be 0.8Log10 per reaction. Serological testing for antibodies to the virus utilized the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays using homologous antigens were performed to quantify antibody responses with serum collected from chickens, guinea fowl and Pekin ducks at 14 dpi based on the standard protocol (OIE, 2019). HI titers were reported as reciprocal log2 titers, and titers greater than 3 log2 (1:8) were considered positive.
Resources in this dataset:
Resource Title: H2N2 influenza pathobiology data for avian species. File Name: H2N2 data for Archive.xlsxResource Description: Data by day post exposure for birds exposed to low pathogenic H2N2 avian influenza virus.
Resource Title: H2N2 influenza pathobiology data for avian species.
File Name: H2N2 data for Archive.xlsx
Resource Description: Data by day post exposure for birds exposed to low pathogenic H2N2 avian influenza virus.
Methods: Six H2N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses from US LBMs were selected based on recency and to represent the different genotypes present in the live birds markets during the time period (i.e., the presence or absence of a NA stalk deletion): A/duck/PA/14-030488-5/2014 (Dk/PA/14), A/chicken/NY/16-032621-2/2016 (Ck/NY/16), A/chicken/CT/17-008911-4/2017 (Ck/CT/17), A/chicken/NY/18-002471-4/2018 (CK/NY/02471/18), A/chicken/NY/18-042097-3/2018 (Ck/NY/042097/18) and A/chicken/NY/19-012787-1/2019 (Ck/NY/19). Isolates were evaluated in White Leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus), guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) and Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). Chickens and guinea fowl were challenged at 4 weeks of age and Pekin ducks were challenged at 2 weeks of age with 6log10 of virus by the intra-choanal route. “Contact” birds, which were hatch-mates of the inoculated birds, were co-housed with the inoculated birds 24hrs post inoculation to evaluate transmission. Viral loads in OP and CL swabs collected at 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days post inoculation were determined by quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RNA was extracted from swabs using the MagMAX96 Viral RNA Isolation Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) and the KingFisher Flex Magnetic Particle Processing System (Thermo Fisher Scientific), with an additional wash step to remove inhibitors (Das et al., 2009). The qRT‐PCR for AIV detection was conducted based on the standard USDA M gene AIV qRT‐PCR procedure (Spackman et al., 2002) using an Applied Biosystems® 7500 Fast Real‐Time PCR system (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Cycle threshold (Ct) values were determined by the 7500 Fast Software v2.3. For relative quantification, Ct values were converted to titer equivalents based on the standard curve method (Larionov et al., 2005). Values were established from ten-fold dilutions of the same titrated stock of the virus used to challenge the birds. The limit of detection was determined to be 0.8Log10 per reaction. Serological testing for antibodies to the virus utilized the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays using homologous antigens were performed to quantify antibody responses with serum collected from chickens, guinea fowl and Pekin ducks at 14 dpi based on the standard protocol (OIE, 2019). HI titers were reported as reciprocal log2 titers, and titers greater than 3 log2 (1:8) were considered positive.
Resources in this dataset:
Resource Title: H2N2 influenza pathobiology data for avian species. File Name: H2N2 data for Archive.xlsxResource Description: Data by day post exposure for birds exposed to low pathogenic H2N2 avian influenza virus.
Resource Title: H2N2 influenza pathobiology data for avian species.
File Name: H2N2 data for Archive.xlsx
Resource Description: Data by day post exposure for birds exposed to low pathogenic H2N2 avian influenza virus.
Original Distribution URL:
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https://agdatacommons.nal.usda.gov/articles/dataset/Data_from_The_pathogenicity_and_transmission_of_live_bird_market_H2N2_avian_influenza_viruses_in_chickens_Pekin_ducks_and_guinea_fowl/24666075
Scope of Project
Subject Terms:
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H2N2;
avian influenza;
poultry;
one health;
NP103;
data.gov;
ARS
Geographic Coverage:
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United States
Time Period(s):
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1/1/2014 – 12/31/2019
Data Type(s):
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observational data
Collection Notes:
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DOI: 10.15482/USDA.ADC/1529418
Citation: Spackman, Erica (2023). Data from: The pathogenicity and transmission of live bird market H2N2 avian influenza viruses in chickens, Pekin ducks, and guinea fowl. Ag Data Commons. https://doi.org/10.15482/USDA.ADC/1529418 (Downloaded 2026-06-26)
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